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7.8 Watchdog Timer
The watchdog timer is a 17-bit counter. In normal operation it is driven by the 32.768 kHz
clock. When the watchdog timer reaches any of several values corresponding to a delay of
from 0.25 to 2 seconds, it “times out.” When it times out, it emits a 1-clock pulse from the
watchdog output pin and it resets the processor via an internal circuit. To prevent this tim-
eout, the program must “hit” the watchdog timer before it times out. The hit is accom-
plished by storing a code in WDTCR. Note that although a watchdog timeout resets the
processor, it does not reset the timeout period stored in the WDTCR. This was done inten-
tionally because an application may require the initialization of the processor resulting
from the watchdog timeout to be based on a specific timeout period that is different from
that of the reset initialization.
The watchdog timer may be disabled by storing a special code in the WDTTR register.
Normally this should not be done unless an external watchdog device is used. The purpose
of the watchdog is to unhang the processor from an endless loop caused by a software
crash or a hardware upset.
It is important to use extreme care in writing software to hit the watchdog timer (or to turn
off the watchdog timer). The programmer should not sprinkle instructions to hit the watch-
dog timer throughout his program because such instructions can become part of an endless
loop if the program crashes and thus disable the recovery ability given by having a watch-
dog.
The following is a suggested method for hitting the watchdog. An array of bytes is set up
in RAM. Each of these bytes is a virtual watchdog. To hit a virtual watchdog, a number is
stored in a byte. Every virtual watchdog is counted down by an interrupt routine driven by
a periodic interrupt. This can happen every 10 ms. If none of the virtual watchdogs has
counted down to zero, the interrupt routine hits the hardware watchdog. If any have
counted down to zero, the interrupt routine disables interrupts, and then enters an endless
loop waiting for the reset. Hits of the virtual watchdogs are placed in the user’s program at
“must exercise” locations.
Table 7-12. Watchdog Timer Control Register (WDTCR adr = 0x08)
Bit(s) Value Description
7:0 0x5A Restart (hit) the watchdog timer, with a 2-second timeout period.
0x57 Restart (hit) the watchdog timer, with a 1-second timeout period.
0x59 Restart (hit) the watchdog timer, with a 500 ms timeout period.
0x53 Restart (hit) the watchdog timer, with a 250 ms timeout period.
0x5F Restart the secondary watchdog timer (starting with Rabbit 3000A chip).
other No effect on watchdog timer.
- Distributed by: 1
- Microprocessor 2
- Rabbit Semiconductor 3
- Trademarks 3
- TABLE OF CONTENTS 4
- Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 5
- Chapter 11. Timers 149 6
- User’s Manual 8
- 1. INTRODUCTION 10
- 2 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 11
- User’s Manual 3 12
- 4 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 13
- User’s Manual 5 14
- 6 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 15
- User’s Manual 7 16
- 8 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 17
- ABBIT 3000 DESIGN FEATURES 18
- 10 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 19
- User’s Manual 11 20
- 12 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 21
- User’s Manual 13 22
- 14 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 23
- User’s Manual 15 24
- 16 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 25
- User’s Manual 17 26
- 2.3 Design Standards 27
- User’s Manual 19 28
- 20 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 29
- 3. DETAILS ON RABBIT 30
- MICROPROCESSOR FEATURES 30
- 22 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 31
- 3.2 Memory Mapping 32
- 24 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 33
- User’s Manual 25 34
- 26 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 35
- User’s Manual 27 36
- 28 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 37
- User’s Manual 29 38
- 30 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 39
- User’s Manual 31 40
- 3.3 Instruction Set Outline 41
- ADD and ADC instructions 45
- ALTD) may be 45
- User’s Manual 39 48
- LD IY,0x4000 48
- SBC instruction the carry 50
- 3.5 Interrupt Structure 53
- IPRES) 54
- IPSET 0 54
- IPSET 1, IPSET 2, IPSET 3) 54
- 4. RABBIT CAPABILITIES 58
- 50 Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor 59
- User’s Manual 51 60
- 4.3 Cold Boot 61
- 4.4 The Slave Port 62
- 54 Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor 63
- IN ASSIGNMENTS AND FUNCTIONS 64
- 5.1 LQFP Package 65
- The same pin dimensions apply 66
- 58 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 67
- 5.2 Ball Grid Array Package 68
- (all dimensions in mm) 69
- User’s Manual 61 70
- 5.3 Rabbit Pin Descriptions 71
- User’s Manual 63 72
- 5.4 Bus Timing 73
- User’s Manual 65 74
- 66 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 75
- User’s Manual 67 76
- 5.6 DC Characteristics 77
- User’s Manual 69 78
- 70 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 79
- ABBIT INTERNAL I/O REGISTERS 80
- 72 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 81
- User’s Manual 73 82
- 74 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 83
- User’s Manual 75 84
- 76 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 85
- User’s Manual 77 86
- 78 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 87
- 7. MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS 88
- Main Clock 89
- 82 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 91
- 7.3 Clock Doubler 92
- 84 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 93
- User’s Manual 85 94
- 7.4 Clock Spectrum Spreader 95
- User’s Manual 87 96
- 88 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 97
- User’s Manual 89 98
- 90 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 99
- User’s Manual 91 100
- 92 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 101
- 7.8 Watchdog Timer 102
- 94 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 103
- 7.9 System Reset 104
- User’s Manual 97 106
- 98 Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor 107
- User’s Manual 99 108
- 7.11 Bootstrap Operation 110
- 7.12 Pulse Width Modulator 112
- CPT input 114
- Interrupt 114
- Peri Clock 114
- Timer A8 114
- User’s Manual 107 116
- User’s Manual 109 118
- 7.14 Quadrature Decoder 119
- Rejected 120
- Accepted 120
- Timer A10 120
- User’s Manual 113 122
- EMORY INTERFACE AND MAPPING 124
- Rabbit 3000 125
- DATA LINES (8) 125
- ADDRESS LINES (20) 125
- 8.2 Memory Mapping Overview 126
- 8.3 Memory-Mapping Unit 126
- Table 8-1. Segment Registers 127
- 8.4 Memory Interface Unit 128
- User’s Manual 121 130
- Bit(s) Value Description 132
- 7 0 Normal RST 28 operation 132
- 1 RST 28 is NOP 132
- User’s Manual 125 134
- User’s Manual 127 136
- 9. PARALLEL PORTS 138
- 9.1 Parallel Port A 139
- 9.2 Parallel Port B 140
- 9.3 Parallel Port C 141
- 9.4 Parallel Port D 142
- Driver—optional open drain 143
- User’s Manual 135 144
- 9.5 Parallel Port E 146
- User’s Manual 139 148
- 9.6 Parallel Port F 149
- User’s Manual 141 150
- 9.6.1.1 Summary 151
- 9.7 Parallel Port G 152
- ANK CONTROL REGISTERS 154
- User’s Manual 147 156
- 11. TIMERS 158
- 11.1 Timer A 159
- User’s Manual 151 160
- User’s Manual 153 162
- User’s Manual 155 164
- 11.2 Timer B 165
- User’s Manual 157 166
- 12. RABBIT SERIAL PORTS 170
- User’s Manual 163 172
- User’s Manual 165 174
- 12.2 Serial Port Registers 175
- User’s Manual 167 176
- User’s Manual 169 178
- User’s Manual 171 180
- User’s Manual 173 182
- User’s Manual 175 184
- User’s Manual 177 186
- 12.3 Serial Port Interrupt 188
- User’s Manual 181 190
- 12.6 Clocked Serial Ports 191
- User’s Manual 183 192
- 12.7 Clocked Serial Timing 194
- User’s Manual 187 196
- User’s Manual 189 198
- User’s Manual 191 200
- User’s Manual 195 204
- User’s Manual 197 206
- 13. RABBIT SLAVE PORT 208
- Slave Port Read Cycle 209
- Slave Port Write Cycle 209
- User’s Manual 201 210
- 13.2 Slave Port Registers 213
- User’s Manual 205 214
- User’s Manual 207 216
- Main Oscillator Circuit 218
- 14. RABBIT 3000 CLOCKS 218
- 14.1 Low-Power Design 219
- 15. EMI CONTROL 220
- User’s Manual 213 222
- 16. AC TIMING SPECIFICATIONS 224
- Memory Read (no wait states) 226
- User’s Manual 221 230
- - (data setup time) 231
- = 36.5 ns 231
- 16.2 I/O Access Time 232
- User’s Manual 225 234
- 16.4 Maximum Clock Speeds 236
- Adjust the values of 237
- User’s Manual 229 238
- User’s Manual 231 240
- × f + 5 × V 242
- 0.5 × f in mA 243
- Total Battery Backed 244
- Rabbit 3000 Real-Time Clock 244
- Tiny Logic 32 kHz Osc 244
- SN74HCT1G04DBVR 245
- User’s Manual 237 246
- ABBIT BIOS AND VIRTUAL DRIVER 246
- 17.2 Virtual Driver 247
- User’s Manual 239 248
- 18. OTHER RABBIT SOFTWARE 250
- IOI or IOE) to indicate the 251
- User’s Manual 243 252
- 18.4 Timer and Clock Usage 253
- User’s Manual 245 254
- 19. RABBIT INSTRUCTIONS 256
- Spreadsheet Conventions 257
- User’s Manual 249 258
- 19.1 Load Immediate Data 259
- User’s Manual 251 260
- 19.7 Exchange Instructions 261
- User’s Manual 253 262
- User’s Manual 255 264
- 19.15 Instruction Prefixes 265
- User’s Manual 257 266
- INSTRUCTIONS 268
- WITH BINARY ENCODING 270
- Rabbit Z180 Meaning 271
- User’s Manual 263 272
- User’s Manual 265 274
- User’s Manual 267 276
- APPENDIX A 278
- THE RABBIT PROGRAMMING PORT 278
- Programming Port 278
- Pin Numbers 278
- User’s Manual 271 280
- User’s Manual 273 282
- User’s Manual 275 284
- User’s Manual 277 286
- User’s Manual 279 288
- User’s Manual 281 290
- User’s Manual 283 292
- User’s Manual 285 294
- User’s Manual 287 296
- User’s Manual 289 298
- User’s Manual 291 300
- User’s Manual 293 302
- User’s Manual 295 304
- User’s Manual 297 306
- User’s Manual 299 308
- User’s Manual 301 310
- User’s Manual 303 312
- User’s Manual 305 314
- User’s Manual 307 316
- User’s Manual 309 318
- User’s Manual 311 320
- User’s Manual 313 322
- User’s Manual 315 324
- APPENDIX C. SYSTEM/USER MODE 326
- C.1 System/User Mode Opcodes 327
- User’s Manual 319 328
- User’s Manual 321 330
- User’s Manual 323 332
- System Mode User Mode 333
- User’s Manual 325 334
- APPENDIX D 336
- User’s Manual 329 338
- User’s Manual 331 340
- User’s Manual 333 342
- NOTICE TO USERS 344
- User’s Manual 337 346
- User’s Manual 339 348
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